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Let's start with some theory about the gases. Below are the different gases that can be found in-game.

===[[File:O2_Canister.png]]O₂===

Oxygen. All humans, pets, and lizard-people need more than 16 kPa of oxygen in the air or internals to breathe. Any less and the creature starts to suffocate.

It is required to oxidize a [[plasma]] fire. A room with 100% plasma will not burn. More oxygen causes plasma fires to increase in heat and size. Oxygen mixed suddenly with heated plasma causes explosions when in a tank. See [[Temperature]].

Oxygen is an invisible gas. To detect it, use your [[PDA]] or a wall mounted [[Air Alarm]]. Oxygen [[canister]]s are marked in blue. [[Emergency Oxygen Tank]]s, filled with about 300 kPa, spawn in your emergency [[Internals Box]]. Larger [[Oxygen Tank]]s are in [[Emergency Locker]]s all across ship, which start with about 600 kPa. Can be mined from Lavaland with a bit of ingenuity, but generally will never need to be done unless using an extreme tritium synthesis setup.

===[[File:N2_Canister.png]]N₂===

Nitrogen. Not particularly more heat absorbant than any other gas. However, it cannot burn at all, which may slow down fires simply by taking up space. It can reduce the heat penalty on the SM, which will keep temperatures down.

Can be found in Atmospherics in red canisters. Can also be gasmined from lavaland.

===[[File:Air_Canister.png]]Air===

A 1:4 gasmix of O2 and N2 (20% O2, 80% N2). The station is filled with this.

Air in SS13 can be seen, strangely enough, as a 'watered down'-O2, with N2 being the water. Optimal atmospheric pressure for humans is 101.3 kPa. Due to the minimum of 16 kPa of O2, the pressure of 101.3 kPa cannot be changed too much without the situation becoming excessively lethal. Under 16 % oxygen? You start dying. Under 90 kPa due to fire from a while ago? You start dying. Be mindful of this.

Air canisters, marked in white, can be found in emergency storages.

===[[File:Water_vapor.png]]Water Vapor===

{{anchor|Water Vapor}}

Pure H₂O. Keep away from the [[Clown]] - this slips people and even freezes tiles when released at low temperatures. Can be used as fusion fuel to make particularly exothermic reactions. Generated as a waste product when tritium combusts with oxygen. In fact so much of it is generated that it lowers the heat of the gas by a massive amount and drastically lowers the temperatures of active burn chambers by half, even more if permitted to accumulate. Also dissipates on its own when creating wet tiles.

The [[Janitor]] starts with a tank in his closet. Outside of atmospherics, it can be used to clean large areas very quickly.

===[[File:CO2_Canister.png]]CO₂===

What the fuck is Carbon Dioxide!?  It's an invisible, heavy gas. It chokes people effectively and quickly, and if you can be bothered to set the alarms up, will result in a invisible room that kills those in it. Takes some setup and can be very, very annoying. Causes people to ''gasp'' at low levels. Also used as fuel for fusion, with an absolute minimum of 250 moles, though you generally want more.

Can be found in Atmospherics in black canisters.

===[[File:N2O_Canister.png]]N₂O===

Nitrous Oxide, a.k.a. Sleeping Agent. A white-flecked gas.

Makes you laugh at low doses and at higher ones puts you to sleep. If using this as a sleep gas mix '''do not forget''' to mix in at least 16 kPa of O2, or you will suffocate someone. Used as an anesthetic in the surgery room and as a "pacifier" in security for especially robust criminals.  

Can be found in Atmospherics in red canisters with a white stripe on them.

===[[File:Plasma_Canister.png]][[Plasma]]===

Toxins. One of the two flammable gases on the station, plasma is purple and highly toxic. Used primarily for fusion, an absolute minimum of 250 moles is required to start the process, though you generally want to use more.

Heating this in the presence of a large amount of oxygen will cause the formation of tritium, an even more flammable gas that burns hotter, brighter and far deadlier than plasma.  

===[[File:BZ_canister.png]]BZ===

BZ gas is a potent hallucinogenic that also put slimes into stasis, degenerates changeling chemicals and suppresses their hivemind. As a side effect, affected people will take low brain damage, but breathing it long enough will cause brain death. An extremely insidious gas that is much harder to detect than N20 or Plasma, or at least until the hallucinations start.

BZ is formed when N2O and Plasma are combined at low pressures. The optimal pressure for this is 0.5 atmosphere, or about 50 kPa. Efficiency might be higher if you get it even lower somehow, though.

If mixed in a tank with oxygen, it can be used for internals, to [[Chaplain|encourage spiritual development]]. Breathing it also produces [[Guide_to_chemistry#BZ_Metabolites|BZ Metabolites]].

Export Price per Mole: 4

===[[File:Nitryl_no2.png]]Nitryl (NO₂)===

Nitryl (formerly Brown Gas) speeds you up - pretty good until the acid eats your lungs. Generally produced only as a precursor to stimulum, or when somebody's pet star gets loose and starts turning the station into its burning core.

The result of heating Oxygen and Nitrogen to 25000k at a 1:1 ratio, with at least 5 moles of N2O. The requisite heat is often only produced in tritburns, but the necessary heat energy as well as the natural heat decay caused by water vapor causes nitryl production via heat exposure over a turf (such as the burn chamber) very slow and generally not worth it. Fusion temperatures are advised.

Radioactive, flammable gas that is used in plenty of chemical reactions. Created by heating loadsa O2 with Plasma. Also, radiation collectors convert plasma into this. Tritium, though not naturally radioactive, releases radiation when it is burned. Might not want to put this into any engine unless you plan to set it on fire.

Tritium is created in fires that are highly oxygenated, or, in fires where oxygen takes up a vast majority of the gasses. For example, 97% oxygen and 3% plasma. Different ratios may be used, and sometimes different ratios will end up being better for the highest level of efficiency depending on space in the incinerator and temperature of the fire. Experiment! Important to remember is that tritium will likely be very hot, and if allowed to react with oxygen will burn up into water vapor. Keep this in mind when attempting to get sizable amounts of it.

Export price Per Mole: 5

===[[File:Freon_canister.png]]Hyper-Noblium===

Extremely inert, Hyper-Noblium stops other gases from reacting. (Specifically, it stops reactions when >5 moles). The rarest and most precious gas in the game and for good reason. Each mole synthesized contributes 1000 research points into the R&D servers and can later be sold for 1000 credits each. Synthesizing 500 moles in a shift is usually enough to get all the researches and give cargo a practically limitless budget.

Can be created when Nitrogen is combined with Tritium at extremely high temperatures. BZ works as a catalyst. 20:10 Nitrogen and Tritium respectively is consumed when one mole of hypernoblium is condensed. Counter to the Nitryl reaction, BZ is not a requirement at all. But rather, it decreases how much the temperature / energy drops of your gas mix during the reaction. As such, BZ can often be entirely ignored. The minimum temperature for this reaction to occur is 5000000K, making fusion absolutely critical in its manufacturing process.

 

 

An experimental gas that makes you stun and sleep immune while also speeding you up. While incredibly cumbersome to manufacture, its effects give the enterprising technician a decisive advantage in combat as it has no addictive or negative effects. Try giving it to security so they can robust traitors and lings, or don't because security is more likely to arrest you for making meth gas because they don't have any idea what the hell stimulum is. Better yet, export it via cargo for some very high margins. While not as valuable as Hypernoblium, you can generally synthesize more moles of it and make more money, it's just even more of a chore to make than fusion. Also generates 40 Research Points per mole synthesized, making it a very nice gas overall if you can somehow produce large batches of it.

 

 

===[[File:Pluoxium.png]]Pluoxium===

 

A non-reactive Oxygen substitute that delivers eight times as much O2 to the bloodstream, with as little 3 kPa minimum pressure required for internals!

 

Formed by irradiating tiles with 2 part CO2 1 part O2 in the air. The [[Supermatter]] is often the greatest source of pluoxium, though it would require adding CO2 into the cooling loop. Depending on the efficiency of the setup, you can get between just enough pluoxium to fill an internals tank or so much that you consume all the CO2 within the station's atmospheric reserve tanks and export it via cargo for upwards of 500 thousand credits. Be careful when attempting the latter however, pumping the SM full of CO2 and O2 risks a tritium delamination which is nigh impossible to contain unless your setup is extremely robust.  

 

 

===[[File:MiasmaCanister.png]]Miasma===

 

Miasma is created from rotting corpses, gibs, and other things. Miasma smells bad and can cause diseases to spontaneously appear. The higher concentration of miasma in the air, the higher level symptoms can appear. Can be converted back into oxygen by heating it to 373.15K. Also generates a small amount of research points when converted this way. Miasma production consumes oxygen and will not be produced from bodies in space or the oxygen level reaches a partial pressure of 18 kPa.

 

 

===[[File:Dilithium_canister.png]]Dilithium===

 

Dilithium is procured from lavaland crystals by miners, then stuffed into a blender and mixed with water. This way, each crystal generates about 200 moles of gas. It lowers the temperature threshold required for fusion asymptotically to 425K depending on the amount. This makes it completely impractical and useless, unless it's used with a ''very specific and complicated Supermatter Engine setup''...

 

===[[File:Freon.png]]Freon===

On temperature lower than 0°C (273.15 K) Freon will create an endothermic reaction with O₂, meaning it will absorb heat from the atmosphere, down to a minimum close to 50K. Adding Proto-Nitrate will catalyse the reaction so that it may begin at temperatures up to 310 kelvin, which is above room temperature. This reaction produces CO₂ and if the temperature is between 120-160K the reaction has a small chance to also produce solid sheets of hot ice .  

 

Breathing freon causes burn damage.  

 

Freon is made by combining a minimum of 40 moles Plasma, 20 moles CO2, and 20 moles BZ in a endothermic reaction at temperatures above 473.15 K. The consumption ratio for the reaction is 6 Plasma : 3 CO2 : 1 BZ. Higher heat improves the rate of reaction.

 

 

==== Hot Ice ====

Hot ice is a solid byproduct of the cooled Freon+O₂ reaction at 120-160K. Can be sold to cargo at a high price. It holds a great amount of power inside. Can be ground to produce 25 units of Hot Ice Slush.  

 

 

===[[File:H2.png]]Hydrogen===

Hydrogen is a flammable gas which when ignited burns similarly to tritium. It is also an integral part of fusion reactions. Hydrogen is made by electrolizing Water Vapor with an electrolyzer machine. Hydrogen is solidified in a reaction with BZ as catalyst at high heat and pressure (over 1e6 for both) to produce metal hydrogen , which can be used to make armor, a fireaxe , and golems.

 

 

===[[File:Healium.png]]Healium===

Healium is a red gas which acts as a stronger sleeping agent than N₂0, while healing burns, bruises, suffocation and toxin damage. It is created by exposing Freon to BZ in an exothermic reaction at temperatures between 25-300 Kelvin (keep it chill). Freon is consumed at around 11x the rate of BZ.

 

 

===[[File:Pluonium.png]]Pluonium===

Pluonium is a highly reactive gas, but non-toxic when breathed. It is created in an endothermic reaction when Pluoxium is exposed to H₂ at temperatures between 5000-10000 K. Hydrogen is consumed at around 10x the rate of Pluoxium.

 

When between temperatures of 250-300k, Pluonium solidifies gaseous Plasma into bars

 

When between temperatures of 260-280k, Pluonium reacts with BZ to cause localized hallucinations in an exothermic reaction

 

===[[File:Halon.png]]Halon===

Halon acts as a fire suppressant by removing oxygen in the air (while producing CO2) in an exothermic reaction if the air temperature is above 100 C or 373.15 K. The oxygen suppresion rate is 20 O2 : 1 Halon. It is created by combining BZ and Tritium in an endothermic reaction between 30-55 K. Tritium is consumed at around 16x the rate of BZ.

 

 

===[[File:Zauker.png]]Zauker===

'''Export price per mol:'''  1050 credits

Hexane is a very dangerous gas that makes you hallucinate, gives you brain damage (33% chance to do 5 damage every time you breathe it in until you hit 150 damage), prevents you from using changeling chat, gives you a slow down and lets you see dead chat.

'''Export price per mol:''' TBD

 

===[[File:Dvalve.webp|frameless]]Digital Valve===

A valve that opens when clicked, and connects the two pipenets it separates when doing so. A pipenet is any collection of normal pipes connected together, including some sub types. Counter to pumps, it experiences no delay in its gas transfer. It essentially acts as a pipe, which, as all pipes, transfers gas instantly to all connected pipes. Has 200L of volume on one side, and 200L on the other end. This can be operated by both carbon mobs such as humans, excluding xenomorphs, and silicons.

 

===[[File:Pvalve.webp|frameless]]Pressure Valve===

An activatable valve that lets gas pass through if the pressure on the input side is higher than the set pressure. Good for situations where you need to relieve  

 

===[[File:Mvalve.webp|frameless]]Manual Valve===

Acts identically to a Digital Valve, however, the manual valve does not allow silicons to operate it. Good for when you do not want the AI interfering with atmos.

 

===[[File:Ppump.png|frameless]]Pressure Pump===

 

===[[File:Vpump.webp|frameless]]Volume Pump===

The volume pump is similar to the pressure pump, but operates differently. It has a pressure limit of 9000 kPa. However, this limit only kicks in when the output pipenet is currently over 9000 kPa. The pump will work if the output pipenet is below 9000 kPa, even if the resulting pressure of this action would be way higher than 9000 kPa. Counter to the pressure pump, this pump works on a L/s basis. This has a 2x200L volume as well, so you pick how much of the volume in the pump is actually pumped to the other side by changing the number. Because its max speed is 200 L/s, it will always outpace and outpressure the pressure pump. Can be overclocked using a multitool, which will cause its pressure limit to be dependent on the input pipenet, which will tend to make the maximum output pressure higher. However, this will cause 10% of gas running through it to spill.

 

===[[File:Pgate.webp|frameless]]Passive Gate===

These are a combination of pumps and valves. They work up to their set pressure, with a maximum of 4500 kPa. These can never do more than equalise the two connected pipenets, just as valves do. However, they only work one way, rather than mixing the gas between the two pipenets perfectly as valves do. Very rarely used as the pressure valve tends to fill most of its use cases, but can be used in situations where one needs pressure control for a pipenet that needs to remain between two values, the upper bound being the set pressure and the lower bound being the output pipenet pressure, such as a BZ reactor.

 

===Temperature Gate===

A gate that only lets gas through when they are on one side of the set temperature threshold (either greater, or lower). The mode can be changed by using a multitool on the device. Excellent for precise thermal regulation and failsafes for the SM engine.

 

===[[File:Vent.webp|frameless]]Unary Vent===

The vent will pump gas into the room it is in, depending on the air alarm settings of the room. The air alarm has two settings to worry about, External, or Internal. External works by making the vent pump gas from its connected pipenet into the room until the room, or more accurately, the tile, matches the pressure that is set. The max pressure you can configure for External is 5066 kPa, and it slows down when approaching the set limit, as pressure pumps do. Internal works by pumping gas into the room from the pipenet until the pressure set matches the pressure in the connected pipenet. Examples: a vent set to External 200 will pump gas into the room until it is 200 kPa. A vent set to Internal 300 will pump gas into the room until the connected pipenet's pressure is 300 kPa, regardless of room pressure. As such, Internal 0 will always pump at full strength. This same effect can be achieved by turning off both External and Internal. The vent has a maximum speed it can pump at, even when extremely pressurised.

 

===[[File:Ventpassive.webp|frameless]]Passive Vent===

 

===[[File:Injector atmos.webp|frameless]]Injector===

The injector is similar to the vent in that it pumps gas onto the tile it is on. However, it is not controlled by an air alarm, but rather works by hand. It is also in L/s units again, similarly to the volume pump. Also similarly to the volume pump, it is the faster one when compared to its pressure based cousin, the vent. It does not have a maximum pressure change per second, as vents do, and will always outpace them. This comes at the cost of the control that vents give you.

 

===[[File:Scrubber.png|frameless]]Scrubber===

The gas sucking cousin of the vent, which sucks gas into the connected pipenet. Scrubbers are operated using the connected air alarm. They only suck in gas that is on their tile, unless you set their range to Expanded, in which case it'll suck in a 3x3. Setting them to Siphon will make them suck in every gas. If the scrubber is not on siphon, you can select specific gases for it to suck into its pipenet. Maximum pressure they can reach in the internal pipenet is 5066kpa before they stop scrubbing/siphoning, very important for SM engines!

 

===[[File:Heat Exchanger.png|frameless]]Heat Exchanger===

 

===[[File:Atmosfilter.png|frameless]]Filter===

The filter is the first device that connects 3 pipenets. It can be set to a single gas, and it will dump this gas to the side it is pointing in. All gas that is not selected will continue straight forward, as the arrow is pointing in a single line. When set to Nothing, it will allow all gas through the straight path. The filter works in L/s, and as such does not experience pressure related slowdowns, however, it has a pressure maximum of 4500 kPa. When EITHER OUTPUT SIDE is 4500 kPa or above, the filter will not function, not allowing any gas to pas. That is, both in a straight line and on its offshoot, the pressure must be less than 4500 kPa.

 

===[[File:Atmosmixer.png|frameless]]Mixer===

The mixer also requires 3 connections to function, as the filter does. The mixer will mix the two incoming gases using the ratio the user inputs, starts off at 50/50. Node 1 is the input in a straight line with the ouput, Node 2 is the offshoot compared to the output. Both inputs need to have gas in them to function unless a side with gas in it is set to 100%, in which case it will function and purely let that side through. Is pressure based, with the associated properties. Also has a pressure maximum of 4500 kPa. The mixing is influenced by temperature following the ideal gas law. When one of the input sides is hotter compared to the other input, it will let less of this side's gas through, mol-wise. This will give you scuffed ratios if you do not equalise temperatures, if you need the precision, make sure they're equal.

 

===[[File:HEpipe.png|frameless]]Heat Exchange pipes===

Functions like regular pipe, however, this will attempt to equalise the temperature between the pipenet and the space it is in. This is based on heat capacity, which can be found on this page. Higher heat capacity means a gas will soak in more energy, which means it is better at cooling when cold, and better at heating when hot. These pipes commonly see use in Supermatter setups, to cool down the coolant by using these pipes in space. However, they can also be used to heat up places, of course. Has a 10K efficiency loss. Space is 2.7K, but heat exchange pipes will only cool the gas in them to be about 12.7K.

 

===[[File:HEjunc.png|frameless]]Heat Exchange Junction===

These are used to transfer from normal pipes to heat exchange pipes. These need to be between a pipe, or pump, etc. and heat exchange pipes for gas to actually be transferred between the two different kinds of pipe. While this pipe looks partially like a heat exchange pipe, it does not equalise temperature in the way that heat exchanging pipes do. It only looks like it does, so these can be safely connected to any pipe in a normal room without risk.

 

===[[File:Lmanifold.png|frameless]]Layer Manifold===

Connects the 5 different layers of pipenets. For most stations, the red scrubber network will be on layer 2 while the blue air supply pipes will be on layer 4. Default layer is 3. Pipes on different layers do not interact with one another.